Description A harmful immune reaction to gluten, a protein present in barley, wheat, and rye, is the main characteristic of celiac disease, a chronic autoimmune condition. The small intestine’s lining becomes inflamed and damaged as a result of this immune response, which affects how well nutrients are absorbed. While following a gluten-free diet is the […]
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Description An uncommon ailment first identified in 1954 by Dr. Benjamin Castleman, Castleman disease is often referred to as Castleman syndrome and is also called angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia. There are localized or systemic manifestations since it mainly impacts the lymph nodes and associated tissues. Castleman disease’s causes, diagnostic procedures, and therapeutic strategies have all
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Description Trypanosoma cruzi, a protozoan parasite, is the culprit behind Chagas disease, which got its name after the Brazilian doctor Carlos Chagas who initially identified it in 1909. Latin America is home to this vector-borne disease, however, due to globalization and increased attention, cases have been reported outside of the region. Acute and chronic phases
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Description Evans syndrome, an uncommon autoimmune disease, is defined by the confluence of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). Because the immune system is also destroying platelets and red blood cells at the same time, this illness offers a complicated therapeutic scenario. Evans syndrome is thought to be caused by an immune system
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Description Eosinophilic fasciitis, also referred to as Shulman’s syndrome, is an uncommon connective tissue condition marked by swelling and thickening of the fascia. Fascia is the hard, fibrous tissue that covers muscles, blood vessels, and nerves. It offers structural support and aids in the movement of various tissues. Eosinophilic fasciitis causes a variety of symptoms
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Description Erythema nodosum (EN) represents a specific form of panniculitis that is defined by the emergence of painful, erythematous, and enlarged subcutaneous nodules, which are most frequently located on the anterior regions of the lower part of the body. Although it is frequently linked to systemic diseases or infections, this disorder might be idiopathic. Erythema
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Description Fibrosing alveolitis, also called idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), represents an interstitial lung disorder that is severe and progressive. It mostly affects the alveoli, which are the microscopic air sacs in the lungs that are in charge of gas exchange. Fibrous tissue forms as a result of this illness, which makes it difficult for the
Description Giant cell arteritis (GCA) represents a systemic vasculitis mainly affecting medium- to large-sized arteries. It is often referred to as Horton’s disease or temporal arteritis. Although the alternative term “temporal arteritis” refers to swelling of the temporal arteries, it can affect arteries in other body areas, including the aorta. This inflammation is usually linked
Description Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) represents a rare and severe cardiac condition caused by an infiltration of inflammatory immune system cells into the heart’s muscle, the myocardium. These cells include giant cells, macrophages, and lymphocytes. Heart tissue injury, inflammation, and compromised cardiac function are the outcomes of this immunological response. Breathlessness, palpitations, chest pain, and
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Description Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (or GPA), formerly referred to as Wegener’s granulomatosis, constitutes a rare autoimmune disease marked by blood vessel inflammation and the development of granulomas in multiple organs. This disorder primarily affects the kidneys, lungs, and upper as well as lower respiratory tracts, though it may also impact other organs. GPA impacts several
